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QUESTION 2 (4 marks) Explain the population trends shown in the graph. Provide one reason to explain the projected trend beyond 2019. World population growth 1700-2100 2.1% in 1968 10 tod 9.7 billion Annual growth rate of world population 1.08% in 2019 Population 5 billion in 1987 2 billion in 1928 1 billion in 1803 600 million in 1700 1700 1750 1800 1850 1900 1950 2000 | 2050 2100 Year 2019 Projection (United Nations medium fertility variant)
QUESTION 1 (3 marks) Explain the overall trend for infant mortality with reference to a specific trend shown in the graph. Infant mortality by region 1990-2017 14 12 North America Europe and @ 40 Central Asia — Middle East and iS North Africa — 8 > Latin America o and Caribbean Le fe) = 6 c East Asia & and Pacific £4 South Asia 2 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 1 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 | 2020 Year
QUESTION 2 (4 marks) Explain the type of pattern shown in the figure and provide two reasons the pattern could change over time. Map of the USA 2020 One dot = 7500 people
QUESTION 2 (6 marks) How could gross regional product (GRP) in China be used to explain Rostow’s Stages of Growth Model? Provide an example for each stage from the map to support your explanation. GRP per capita for China’s provinces 2020 Key GRP per capita ($PPP) Mi >73 515 Mi 40 269-73 515 1) 24 741-40 268 13 235—24 740 C31 <13.235 1 Xinjiang 12 Tianjin 23. Anhui 2 Inner Mongolia 13 Liaoning 24 Jiangsu 3 Heilongjiang 14 Jilin 25 Shanghai 4 Xizang 15 Sichuan 26 Guangxi 5 Qinghai Chongqing 27 Jiangxi 6 Gansu Hubei 28 Zhejiang 7 Ningxia Henan 29 Guangdong 8 Shaanxi Shandong 30 Fujian 9 Shanxi Yunnan 31 Hainan 10 Hebei Guizhou 11 Beiing Hunan Rostow’s Stages of Growth Model (5) High mass consumption (4) Drive to maturity (3) Take-off Development (2) Pre conditions for take-off (1) Traditional society Time
QUESTION 5 (9 marks) a) Represent the data from the table in a migration flow map using five categories. Provide your response on the map on the next page. [5 marks] Migration to and from Argentina 2015 Country Migration to Migration GDP per capita Argentina from Argentina (USD) Paraguay 679 044 25 066 5406 Peru = 470713 4016 6227 419 048 10 684 3035 213119 16212 13789 132749 5658 15613 48792 15178 8814 b) Use evidence from the table and the map you created for Question 5a) to identify the type of migration to Argentina providing examples to support your response. What is an implication of this type of migration? [4 marks] Map of South America Bolivia Chile Argentina Uruguay 1000 km ay \__> I I I S eye ~ ee
QUESTION 1 (5 marks) Describe the population distribution shown in the map and suggest two reasons for the pattern — one for a zone of high population density and one for a zone of low population density. World population density by latitude -Equator - Key Most dense Least dense
QUESTION 5 (4 marks) Analyse the maps to explain the process evident and identify one geographical challenge for Kinshasa arising from this process. Maps of Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo 1994 2000 and 2013 1994 — Population 4.2 million UST SU ie 5 <= Rural area AS SES L e insha
QUESTION 4 (10 marks) a) Complete the diagram below by drawing typical population pyramids that represent the population structure for each stage of the Demographic Transition Model shown in Figure 1. [5 marks] Typical population pyramid Figure 1: Demographic Transition Model Birth rate Death rate Birth and death rates (per 1000 people per year) Y p b) Refer to the Demographic Transition Model and the population pyramids you created in 4a). Ty Explain how the Demographic Transition Model is applicable to contemporary populations and identify the implications for places that are in Stage 5. [5 marks]
QUESTION 3 (6 marks) Analyse global patterns for fertility rates shown in the map to make an inference about a geographical challenge for countries where fertility rates are below replacement fertility. Total fertility rate 2019 North Europe Ss America Dg y 4- ‘Eastern Asia E> > yk Central Ne NS South-East America > P Central east Asia wa MO South 7 America Australia and New Zealand Key Children born per woman < 1.55 1.55—1.99 2.0—2.34 IY) 2.35-3.0 WH 3.01-4.00 WM 4.01-5.05 Mi > 5.05
QUESTION 3 (5 marks) a) What is international migration? [1 mark] b) Explain how social environmental and economic factors result in international migration. [4 marks]
QUESTION 6 (8 marks) Explain the population patterns shown in the graph. Refer to three stages of the demographic transition model in your response. Crude birth rates and crude death rates Japan 1969 to 2017 30 25 20 15 10 Birth and death rates 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 Year Birth rate crude (per 1000 people) Death rate crude (per 1000 people)
QUESTION 7 (16 marks) Analyse Stimulus 1—8 in the stimulus book to make inferences about a geographical challenge arising from the temporary migration of people from the Philippines to work in foreign countries. Based on your analysis make generalisations about the impacts on places of origin focusing on one region.
QUESTION 4 (8 marks) Analyse the graph to describe trends in international migration over time. For two different regions suggest an explanation for the trend and make an inference about an impact for each of these regions. Net international migration by region 40 20 < 4 A ’ 4 4 ‘ < ry M a » »>va a> 4 Vv v Yan a> a Vv v < 4 i < v4 1 y a iv d 5] yy | | 4 bY v — =F a» 4 _ > pa as...’ < la Net international migration (millions) S&S LLIB IEEE —4 1981-1990 1991-2000 2001-2010 2011-2020 Decade Key 888 Sub-Saharan Africa Central and Southern Asia | _] Northern Africa and Western Asia _— J Australia/New Zealand/Oceania Latin America and Caribbean |__| Europe and Northern America SJ Eastern and South-Eastern Asia
QUESTION 4 (8 marks) Analyse the graphs to explain three features of the dominant migration pattern evident for Bangladesh. Explain an implication of this pattern. Reasons and destinations for migration Bangladesh 2014 Type and destination of migration 1% Permanent migration international 11.3% Temporary migration international 10.7% Permanent migration within Bangladesh 77% Temporary migration within Bangladesh Main reasons for migration 2.4% Political unrest 1.2% Other reasons 20.3% Marriage and family reunion 56.9% 16.8% Better employment Studying opportunities education in the city 2.4% Better employment opportunities in agriculture
QUESTION 5 (4 marks) Analyse the graph to describe the trends in the origin of asylum seekers from 2014 to 2018. Suggest a reason to explain the trend in one country and identify an impact of the trend for that country. Top 10 asylum seeker countries of origin 2014—2018 SVT eee Ce an Iraq ZZ Sees Oe es eee eee eee Ee Afghanistan [oo LLL LLL Eritrea Pakistan China [= Country of origin Iran Nigeria El Salvador Venezuela | LLLLL LA | 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 Asylum seekers (’000s)
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