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QUESTION 17 The table identifies the condition associated with a variety of ploidy changes. Chromosome number ploidy Monosomy 5 Cri du chat syndrome Trisomy 23 Klinefelter syndrome For a person with XXY sex chromosomes which condition would they have? (A) Cri du chat syndrome (B) Down syndrome (C) Klinefelter syndrome (D) Turner syndrome
QUESTION 24 (3 marks) a) Describe what is meant by the genotype of an organism. [1 mark] b) Inherited mutations can affect the genotype of offspring. Describe how this occurs. [2 marks]
QUESTION 1 In mammals inherited mutations can cause variations in the genotype of offspring when they occur in (A) red blood cells. (B) somatic cells. (C) nerve cells. (D) sex cells.
QUESTION 14 Which event could cause a frameshift mutation? (A) non-disjunction during meiosis (B) error during replication (C) Dbase pair substitution (D) heat damage
QUESTION 15 The table identifies the condition associated with a variety of ploidy changes. Chromosome number (ploidy) Trisomy 23 Klinefelter syndrome For a person who has 45 chromosomes (2n—1) due to an autosomal condition which condition do they have? (A) Cri du chat syndrome (B) Down syndrome (C) Klinefelter syndrome (D) Turner syndrome
QUESTION 13 An error during DNA replication resulted in the following change to mRNA transcripts. mRNA before | AUGAAGUUUGGCAUC ... (continued) mRNA after | AUGAAGUUUGCAUCG ... (continued) The DNA replication error most likely involved (A) (B) ©) (D) deletion of cytosine. insertion of guanine. substitution of uracil with guanine. substitution of guanine with cytosine.
QUESTION 26 (4 marks) Karyotypes for two human gametes are shown. Karyotype A (sperm cell) Karyotype B (egg cell) a) Identify which cell exhibits aneuploidy. Refer to evidence from the karyotype. [1 mark] b) Explain how this chromosome abnormality may have occurred. [2 marks] This table lists some genetic conditions resulting from chromosomal abnormalities. Cri du chat syndrome Trisomy 18 Edwards syndrome c) Predict which genetic condition would occur if the two gametes produced a zygote. [1 mark]
QUESTION 8 The diagram shows a human karyotype and a list of genetic conditions. HON OE oH G GOR cS OFEOdE OBS OGHE 3k oes Which genetic condition is indicated in the karyotype? (A) Turner syndrome (B) Cri du chat syndrome (C) Edwards syndrome (D) Down syndrome
QUESTION 24 (5 marks) The frequency of a new allele was monitored in a population of insects over an 18-year period. Frequency 0.0 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 2020 2022 Year a) Infer if the new allele is advantageous or detrimental in this environment. Justify your response using evidence from the graph. [2 marks] b) Explain how mutations can contribute to microevolutionary change in populations [3 marks] that reproduce sexually.
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