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QUESTION 18 Identify the genetic technique used to naturally combine desirable genes found in two or more different plant varieties to produce superior pure-breeding offspring. (A) grafting (B) hybridisation (C) tissue culture (D) genetic modification
QUESTION 30 (3 marks) Use an example to explain two benefits for farmers who use genetically engineered crops.
QUESTION 2 (3 marks) a) Identify an advantage of tissue culture and explain how this can be used in an agricultural setting. [2 marks] b) Describe the genetic relationship between the original plant and the new plant in the process of tissue culture. [1 mark]
QUESTION 8 Crossbreeding involves developing new plant varieties by crossing offspring from (A) related plants with themselves. (B) unrelated plants of different varieties. (C) related plants until the offspring are purebred. (D) plants of different varieties by using pollen in sterile cultures.
QUESTION 4 (4 marks) The table shows the effect of increasing foliar application of magnesium on the average number and weight of chilli fruits at harvest. Uncertainties indicate 95% confidence intervals. Number of fruits | Fresh weight of fruits (g) 7.0 +0.1 139.0 + 1.0 50 ppm 17.0 + 0.6 226.0 + 1.2 100 ppm 18.3412 260.0 + 1.2 150 ppm 21.0 + 1.2 274.0 + 1.2 Use the data to discuss how foliar application of magnesium affects the yield of chilli plants.
QUESTION 7 (5 marks) A beef producer in southern Queensland wants to take advantage of an unseasonal late-winter rainfall of 110 mm and plant a summer forage crop. The beef producer is unsure if the crop will be grazed off or mechanically removed as hay or bale-wrapped silage. This decision will depend on future growing conditions. The table shows the mean rainfall usually experienced in the region. The information in the graphs describes the characteristics of three different varieties of forage sorghum suitable for the region. Fn ee Nov [ De Mean rainfall 129.8 | 144.0 | 104.7 | 43.0 | 45.3 26.8 | 24.2 | 49.5 104.3 (mm) Key Rating: | | Sorghum A sl. 1 = poor 7 Sorghum B Hayman SZ 9 = excellent Sorghum C yy EC—C—“‘($NCOUC 9 8 Late summer/ 3 a Beef grazing 2 carryover feed 2 Wd Lu a) ee 3 7 9 Sheep grazing 4 Round bale silage 6 4 6 Determine the best variety of forage sorghum for this producer to plant. Justify your decision with four pieces of evidence from the data.
QUESTION 21 (4 marks) The graph shows the relationship between the mean wheat yield and the crop rotation system used. 3600 3000 2400 1800 Mean wheat yield (kg/ha) 600 - 0 | | —_— 3510 3347 | 3166 | 2566 2950 | 2658 1200 _ CW CW WWWW W LW CWWW Crop rotation M | 3422-—_ W : CM W Key W=wheat C=canola L = lupin M = medic Note: Canola has a deeper tap root system than medic species. Draw a conclusion about which crop rotation will allow the greatest opportunity for sustainable plant production. Justify your conclusion using evidence and explain two benefits of this crop rotation system.
QUESTION 23 (2 marks) Explain the process of tissue culture and its use in agricultural production.
QUESTION 3 (3 marks) Explain one positive and one negative consequence of genetic modification for a plant of your choice.
QUESTION 6 (3 marks) a) Identify an asexual plant propagation method. [1 mark] b) Describe the method identified in Question 6a) using an agricultural example. [2 marks]
QUESTION 25 (3 marks) Define the following plant terms. a) herbicide b) nematicide c) grafting [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark]
QUESTION 26 (2 marks) Explain why tissue culture is used in breeding new plant varieties.
QUESTION 4 (4 marks) The table contains agronomic information for three different varieties of an agricultural crop. spot (disease) (disease) Rust (disease) Yellow leaf Crown rot Acid soils Key Disease resistance Acid soil tolerance S Susceptible T Tolerant MS Moderately susceptible — I Intolerant R Resistant MR Moderately resistant Draw a conclusion about which crop variety should be used in high rainfall areas. Justify your conclusion with three pieces of evidence.
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