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QUESTION 5 (4 marks) Identify two plant pests or diseases that are significant for plant industries. Describe why each pest or disease 1s a major issue for its respective industry. Plant pest/disease 1: Plant pest/disease 2:
QUESTION 14 Chlorothalonil is a fungicide that controls downy mildew in zucchinis. The recommended application schedule is 7 to 14 days. When disease pressure is high the manufacturer recommends spraying at 2.5 L/ha at 7-day intervals. Identify the total volume of fungicide required for a 3.5-ha zucchini crop over a 2-week period in which 10 mL of rain has fallen. (A) 7.00L (B) 8.75L (C) 17.50L (D) 26.25L
QUESTION 3 (3 marks) Explain the role of a beneficial organism in a plant production system. Use two examples in your response.
QUESTION 3 The table shows a planting strategy for a producer planning to use the cotton variety Bollgard 3 which carries the Bt insecticidal protein. It includes refuge areas planted with non-Bt cotton and pigeon pea. Spraying of cotton is performed before bolling begins to ensure a threshold population is not reached and reduce the incidence of resistant moths. Cotton Irrigated sprayed Refuge cotton Irrigated unsprayed Pigeon pea Irrigated unsprayed What is the primary reason for this planting strategy in terms of integrated pest management? (A) Either refuge crop allows breeding of non-resistant bollworm moths to dilute genetic resistance. (B) Either refuge crop will attract most of the bollworm moths away from most of the cotton. (C) Pigeon pea is planted to provide a refuge for predatory insects of the bollworm moth. (D) Pigeon pea is planted to improve the nutrient profile of the soil.
QUESTION 4 (5 marks) The graph shows the effect of different preservative treatments on the shelf life of radish. 10 9 Treatment A | Control 8 Treatment B | 0.6% calcium nitrate 7 > Treatment C | 0.6% humic acid > 6 3 2 5 Treatment D | 0.6% calcium nitrate 2p and 0.6% humic acid 5 4 n 3 2 1 0 A B C D Treatment a) Identify differences between each of the treatments used. [3 marks] b) Identify a negative effect of using preservatives on radish crops and explain the potential effect on consumer satisfaction. [2 marks]
QUESTION 1 A farmer has purchased a neglected overgrown orchard. Which option would be the initial strategy to use in an IPM strategy? (A) chemical control of pests and diseases (B) biological control using predators (C) physical removal of vegetation (D) physical traps for insects
QUESTION 23 (8 marks) The Varroa mite is a honeybee parasite that has a major impact on overseas honey and related enterprises killing large populations of bees and weakening colonies. If uncontrolled Varroa mite infestation in honeybee colonies severely impacts honey production but can also affect a wide range of pollination-reliant crops. a) b) Cc) d) Identify two management strategies that beekeepers or biosecurity officers could implement to restrict the movement of Varroa mite outside of an infested area. [2 marks] Identify another pest associated with an agricultural animal of regional importance and explain its effect on this animal. [2 marks] Describe two stages of the life cycle of the pest from Question 23b). [2 marks] Identify the point in the life cycle of the pest from Question 23b) where it is most vulnerable and explain why. [2 marks]
QUESTION 15 In terms of plant production “biological control’ means pest and disease control methods (A) that use chemicals. (B) _ that introduce a natural enemy or predator. (C) where the pest is attacked and/or destroyed. (D) that use a combination of synthetic techniques.
QUESTION 25 (3 marks) Define the following plant terms. a) herbicide b) nematicide c) grafting [1 mark] [1 mark] [1 mark]
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