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QUESTION 9 Which part of the PPRR model of risk management best demonstrates a producer’s decision to sell non-breeders during a drought? (A) prevention (B) preparedness (C) response (D) recovery
QUESTION 28 (7 marks) Mulesing involves the removal of wool-bearing skin from the breech area of a sheep. In 2008 over 95% of wool growers used this technique (without pain relief) to prevent flystrike in their flocks. The graph shows the change in the percentage of wool growers who either do not practise mulesing ceased mulesing or use pain relief with mulesing. The table shows how long it would take to improve resistance to flystrike in sheep using an alternative method to mulesing. [|] Pam relief [ij] Ceased mulesing ra Wl Not mulesed S Wool growers % 3 Wrinkle score Risk Proportion of flock (%) Note: An assessment of wrinkle score will provide an indication of breech flystrike risk. 30% at risk can be culled and maintain a stable flock. a) Use the graph to calculate the percentage change in producers who practised mulesing with pain relief between February 2009 and February 2019. Show your working. [2 marks] b) Use the table to identify the alternative method to mulesing. [1 mark] c) Draw aconclusion about how willing wool producers were to adopt this method. Use data to justify your conclusion. [4 marks]
QUESTION 9 (5 marks) The table gives the results from a trial conducted on sugarcane over five years. A fallow crop of soybeans was planted grown and ploughed back into the soil prior to planting the sugarcane. A control practice was to leave the soil fallowed between sugarcane harvest and the next season’s planting. At each location the mean crop yield was measured over five years. Location Legume fallow Bare fallow Nitrogen Mean yield Nitrogen Mean yield fertiliser applied (t/ha) fertiliser applied (t/ha) (kg/ha) (kg/ha) a) Draw aconclusion about the most suitable crop rotation system to use. Use the table to justify your conclusion. [2 marks] b) Identify two advantages of the crop rotation system identified in 9a). [2 marks] c) Provide one disadvantage of the crop rotation system identified 1n 9a). [1 mark]
QUESTION 19 A source of extreme risk for farm workers that can occur in a plant production system is (A) applying a pesticide to a greenhouse hydroponic system. (B) formulating a ration using a hammer mill. (C) mixing a herbicide with a surfactant. (D) moving stock between paddocks.
QUESTION 23 (4 marks) a) Describe paddock rotation and the reason for this practice. [2 marks] The table contains yield data for different grazing management strategies. Strategy Annual yield | Utilisation (t DM/ha) (%) b) Draw a conclusion about the grazing strategy most likely to increase animal production. Justify your conclusion. [2 marks]
QUESTION 2 (4 marks) Family farms are one type of agricultural enterprise. Identify another type of agricultural enterprise and use an example to explain two of the enterprise’s features.
QUESTION 9 (17 marks) An extensive cattle grazing property in northern Queensland focuses on breeding and backgrounding Brahman and Brahman cross animals for domestic and live export markets. Breeder numbers have declined in recent years due to drought. The property is 45 000 hectares and has an average annual rainfall of 495 mm. The current workforce consists of a property manager a head stockperson and eight recent school leavers working as jackaroos and jillaroos. Contract helicopter pilots are employed twice a year to help with mustering. An anticipated risk to this Australian agricultural enterprise 1s drought. Identify one other anticipated risk. For each risk use the PPRR (Prevention Preparedness Response Recovery) model to describe a risk management strategy for each element of the model. Justify the risk management strategy for each element.
QUESTION 10 (17 marks) A citrus orchard in Queensland grows Imperial mandarins for the domestic market and Honey Murcott mandarins for the export market. They also have a small number of other citrus trees and sell the fruit through a driveway stall and the local supermarket. The property occupies an undulating sloped area of 100 hectares and has an average annual rainfall of 870 mm. Less than half of the property is currently used for producing citrus and the remainder is unused including some river flats and hillier country. Citrus production on this property has been affected by an outbreak of citrus canker in the past. The orchard’s workforce comprises two owners who live and work full-time at the property and one full-time employee. They require additional seasonal labour to assist at harvest times. An anticipated risk to this Australian agricultural enterprise is cyclones. Identify one other anticipated risk. For each risk use the PPRR (Prevention Preparedness Response Recovery) model to describe a risk management strategy for each element of the model. Justify the risk management strategy for each element.
QUESTION 11 Identify which factors affect decisions made about property management. (A) food security market suitability (B) location to markets food quality (C) financial considerations human resources (D) environmental factors population distribution
QUESTION 13 Two farms implemented different strategies for managing drought. Retained breeding stock Sold all steers and culled animals based on age Implemented supplementary feeding Used paddock rotation Monitored ground cover Maintained appropriate stocking rates Which steps in the PPRR management model were demonstrated by both farms? (A) prevention response recovery (B) preparedness response recovery (C) prevention preparedness recovery (D) prevention preparedness response
QUESTION 10 (4 marks) Mad cow disease (BSE) is an exotic disease to Australia. It is spread by cattle eating animal products containing the disease and originated through cattle being supplemented with protein from meat and bonemeal. In 1996 BSE was identified as potentially passing from animals to humans in Great Britain. The graph shows beef exports from Great Britain from 1993 to 2001. 400 350 ‘sol 250 200 150 100 0 Ld [| [| [| [ 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 Year Mass (x 1000 tonnes) a) Determine how introducing BSE to Australia could affect a cattle production system. [2 marks] b) Identify two strategies Australia currently uses that reduce the risk or effect of BSE being introduced. [2 marks]
QUESTION 14 Paddock rotation is a system of (A) | planting agricultural crops in alternating strips to minimise water erosion on steeper slopes. (B) growing different crops on the same paddock from one year to the next. (C) alternating the use of paddocks to allow for a rest period. (D) breaking up paddocks to maximise feed utilisation.
QUESTION 12 Refer to Stimulus | in the stimulus book. Question 12 has four parts: a) b) c) and d). You must respond to all four parts. Assess the opportunity that the family has for sustainable practices in their operation. a) Explain three positive practices in their current management. b) Identify two management actions that the manager could take that would improve sustainability. Address water/soil management and weed management. Give reasons to support each action. c) Identify three future risks that the family should manage for their operation to remain sustainable. d) For one of the identified risks explain why it would be considered a risk to the future sustainability of the family’s operation. [9 marks] [6 marks] [3 marks] [2 marks]
QUESTION 13 Refer to Stimulus 2 in the stimulus book. Question 13 has two parts: a) and b). You must respond to both parts. Assess the risk associated with this agricultural enterprise for drought using the PPRR model. a) Make three recommendations for improvements in each of the four areas. [12 marks] b) For each area choose two recommendations and explain how each of these recommendations will lessen the impact of drought. [8 marks]
QUESTION 4 Which expense is a fixed cost? (A) seed (B) shearing (C) harvesting (D) depreciation QUESTIONS 4-5 These questions refer to the data in the table which shows selected expenses for a merino enterprise. Expenses $ Depreciation 32 876 9456 Fertiliser 23 657 Harvesting 14690 4789 Mustering 10 000 Vaccines 17 800 Shearing 27 549 Loan repayments 36 155 Total farm expenses 176972
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